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Advantages and disadvantages of pneumatic conveying compared to traditional conveying methods

Source:http://www.liujianlin.cn/ Release time:2022-04-08 1Second
Powder pneumatic conveying is an important link in industrial production, and the selection of powder conveying system is closely related to the safety and economy of industrial production. In the past, pneumatic conveying systems were mainly used for long-distance transportation of powder materials in industrial production. With the continuous development of technology, pipe chain conveyors have emerged and are increasingly widely used in the transportation of powder materials in industrial production. What are the differences between the two powder conveying systems? Let's take a preliminary look below.
Comparison of the principles of two powder conveying systems

Pneumatic conveying system

The operation of pneumatic conveying device mainly applies air dynamic pressure and static pressure, so that the powder can be conveyed in the corresponding pipeline with the airflow. Pneumatic conveying has significant differences from traditional single-phase conveying of liquids and gases. In the process of pneumatic conveying, it mainly transports the mixture of gas and powder. Generally, air is chosen for gas transportation. However, if the transported powder has the risk of dust explosion or reacts with air, inert gas should be used for powder transportation to avoid contact between air and the transported powder. This not only ensures the stability of powder quality, but also improves the safety of industrial production.

Taking terephthalic acid powder as an example, it has the risk of dust explosion and is prone to dust explosion when in contact with air. Therefore, nitrogen should be used as the conveying gas during transportation to reduce safety hazards from the root.

氮氣循環氣力輸送系統工藝流程圖

Pipe chain conveyor


Pipe chain conveyor is a continuous powder conveying equipment, which has good conveying quality and safety. Its application in the field of powder conveying in China is becoming increasingly widespread. The principle is mainly to use chain plates as transmission components to drive the powder to move along the conveying pipeline inside a well sealed pipeline. If the internal friction between the powder materials is relatively high compared to the external friction between the material and the conveying pipeline, the powder materials will gradually move and embed with the transmission chain, eventually forming some stable flow materials.

During vertical transportation, the powder inside the conveying channel will be pushed upwards by the transmission chain, as the lower powder will bear the downward sliding force of the upper powder, ultimately generating a certain lateral pressure, which will also increase the internal friction force of the powder. If the internal friction force is greater than the weight of the powder itself and the external friction force, the material will gradually move upwards with the transmission chain, ultimately producing a relatively stable material conveying flow.

管鏈輸送機工藝流程圖

 

兩種粉料輸送系統的優勢對比

Advantages of pneumatic conveying system


(1) The equipment has a simple structure, easy installation, low control costs, and short construction time. The main components of the pneumatic conveying system are welded structures of steel plates, consisting of components in the shape of pipes and tanks. There is no relative movement between the components, and maintenance operations are relatively easy, making it easy to achieve automated operations.


(2) High conveying efficiency, equipment has no return transportation. Other modes of transportation have the disadvantage of empty program return, while the transport medium of pneumatic conveying is air, which only needs to be discharged into the atmosphere at the terminal. During the conveying process, the feeding port can continuously add materials to achieve continuous conveying.


(3) The labor hygiene conditions are good. During pneumatic conveying, the material runs inside the pipe and is under negative pressure. The material dust will not leak out and fly, and the material will not scatter or contaminate the environment.


(4) The conveying pipeline of pneumatic conveying is convenient for setting up the pipeline network according to local conditions, with simple and flexible layout, which can fully utilize the workshop area and easily adapt to the workshop environment.


Advantages of Chain Conveyor System


1. The system is fully enclosed with good sealing effect. Due to the fact that the pipe chain machine is a segmented circular pipe structure assembled as a whole, it is easy to seal and has excellent sealing performance, achieving a complete sealing effect.


2. Compact structure and high conveying efficiency. Due to the special structure of the internal conveying part, the material sedimentation is very small during the conveying process. The conveying efficiency is relatively high


(3) Flexible layout and easy installation. Due to the tubular structure of the pipe chain machine, it can be designed according to user needs in existing or original factories, and can fully meet various occasions.


(4) Low maintenance rate and easy installation. Due to the simple, reliable, and durable internal structure of the pipe chain machine, as well as the use of specialized processing techniques, the maintenance rate is extremely low, greatly improving the service life.


管鏈式輸送機的布置示意圖

 

兩種粉料輸送系統的應用對比

(1) Positive pressure pneumatic conveying equipment was previously widely used in power plant ash conveying devices. Its characteristics of closed conveying, easy layout, and recent national environmental requirements have led to its gradual promotion and application in the chemical industry. There are already many application examples in polyolefin powder conveying and other fields.


(2) In recent years, the application of pipe chain conveyors in industries such as PTA has been relatively mature, and they are currently widely used in similar powder particle conveying with low flow and good fluidity. The interior of the pipe chain conveyor is equipped with mechanisms such as chains, conveyor disks, and corner sprockets. In recent years, many research results have emerged for conveyor disks, chains, tensioning devices, etc., which have solved some problems in the manufacturing and use of pipe chain conveyors and are conducive to the promotion and use of pipe chain conveyors.


The two types of powder conveying equipment have their own advantages and disadvantages, with significant differences in energy consumption, conveying capacity, equipment layout, and applicable types. When selecting powder conveying equipment, it is necessary to consider all aspects of performance, including the physical and chemical properties of the material, as well as meeting the actual production conveying capacity and index requirements.

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